Naltrexone is a an opioid 'antagonist', meaning that it blocks the effects of heroin. For this reason it has been considered a useful way of enabling users to avoid the temptation of taking opiate-type drugs after detoxification.
However a Cochrane review found that oral naltrexone led to no statistically significant differences in the primary retention/abstinence outcomes when compared to placebo, no medication or alternative medications. The biggest problem was the high proportion of drop outs.
A parallel Cochrane review of the newer implant and depot preparations also found insufficient evidence to evaluate their effectiveness.
For more details: http://findings.org.uk/count/downloads/download.php?file=Minozzi_S_1.txt
With thanks to Drug and Alcohol Findings.
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